A Journal is a personal record of occurrences, experiences, and reflections kept on a regular basis such as a diary.
The Steps a writer should follow while writing a journal are to be considers::---
For example magazines i read are mens health and FHM For Him magazine
Title is probably the most important part of the paper as readers will decide whether to proceed to read your article or not pending on it. It should describe the research and is short, informative and concise. Avoid using a title starting with “ A study of….” as this is obviously a study. Interesting title attracts readers. It is analogous to marketing a product to reach out to your readers.
Authors. Each author should have made significant contribution to the design, analysis, and writing up of the paper to take public responsibility for its content.1 The first author is one who has major input into the study and prepares most part of the manuscript.Abstract. Different journal may specify different abstract format. Follow the instructions for authors.
The abstract normally consists of background, objective, methods, settings, designs, results and conclusions. Usually this is limited to 200-250 words. Summarise new and important findings and main conclusion of the study. Do not use phrases such as “ this will be discussed...” or “further detail will follow…” because abstract are more likely to be accessible to readers than the full text article.
Keywords. Following abstract, usually 3-10 key words are required that are usually MeSH headings so that it will ease the process of indexing and cross-referencing. The words usually convey the research studied or important concepts, methods, population or setting of the study.
The main text usually follows The IMRAD system, which is the basic of writing a scientific paper. IMRAD stands for Introduction, Methods, Results And Discussion. It deciphers different questions posed. In the introduction, we answer and explain “Why did you start (the study)?”, in methods, explain “what did you do?”, in results, detail “what did you find?”, and in discussion, explain “what does it all mean?”
Introduction. In this section, describe in brief the background of the research topics with relevant up to date review of key articles in literature. Explain the reasons for your study as well as its relevance. State the research question, objectives and rationale of the study.
Methods. Describe in detail your methodology that includes research design, settings, population studied, inclusion and exclusion criteria, the time that study was done, the instruments used to measure outcome, recruitment or data collection processes, and approval from ethics committee. State the statistical software used where applicable as well as the statistical tests employed. If the study is on drugs, use generic names.
Results. Provide all relevant results for readers to assess the validity of the conclusions. Present the results that answer the research question early follow by secondary results. For quantitative studies, provide details of response rates. Describe the sample characteristics. Use text, tables or graphs to present data in a clear and organised manner so that it is easier for the readers to comprehend. Different results may present better in different forms. Tables are useful in summarising findings. Do not use tables or any graphic forms if the data can be written in a few sentences in running text. Data also should not be repeated in different format, as it does not provide any added information. Label all tables and figures or illustrations.
Source: http://ejournal.afpm.org.my/v1n2-3/research_notes5-1.htm
2)++++DC & LC Classfication++++
Library of Congress Call Number...
Call numbers can begin with one, two, or three letters.
The first letter of a call number represents one of the 21 major divisions of the LC System. In the example, the subject "Q" is Science.
The second letter "E" represents a subdivision of the sciences, Geology. All books in the QE's are primarily about Geology.
Books in categories E, United States History, and F, Local U.S. History and American History, do not have a second letter (exception: in Canada, FC is used for Canadian history).
Books about Law, K's, can have three letters, such as KFH, Law of Hawaii. Some areas of history (D) also have three-letter call numbers.
Most other subject areas will have call numbers beginning with one or two letters.
For most of the subject areas, the single letter represents books of a general nature for that subject area (i.e. Q - General Science or D - General World History).
Source: http://geography.about.com/library/congress/blhowto.htm
3)+++What is the call number?++++
Each book in the library has a unique call number. A call number is like an address: it tells us where the book is located in the library.
Note that the same call number can be written from top-to-bottom, or left-to-right.
Reading call numbers:
What does the call number mean?
Remember that Library of Congress Classification arranges materials by subjects.
The first sections of the call number represent the subject of the book.
The letter-and-decimal section of the call number often represents the author's last name.
And, as you recall, the last section of a call number is often the date of publication.
Remember that Library of Congress Classification arranges materials by subjects.
The first sections of the call number represent the subject of the book.
The letter-and-decimal section of the call number often represents the author's last name.
And, as you recall, the last section of a call number is often the date of publication.
4)++++What are sources of knowledge?+++
Identify as much as you know...
SOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE
How do we know what we know? Where does our knowledge come from-what are its sources? Many people think that sense experience, which is one source of knowledge, accounts for much or all of our knowledge. In actual fact, this is NOT so. There are four sources for our knowledge:
1. Memory: we know that many things occurred in the past because we remember them happening. Memory does not generate or create new beliefs-it puts us in touch with previous beliefs.
2. Sense perception: we know things because we have experienced them through our senses-sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch-or a combination of these.
3. Introspection: roughly defined as "looking inward," introspection is our knowledge about what is going on in our minds or consciousness, our awareness that we are remembering, sensing, etc., our awareness of what we are remembering, sensing, etc., our feelings, etc. Introspection is not necessarily subjective, though it is private-there is no way to verify or prove what someone else is thinking or feeling.
4. Reason: our ability to reason provides us with a final source of knowledge. There are truths of reason (such as logical and mathematical truths) that only reason can provide us. Reason comes to know by defining terms, working out the analysis of these definitions, and applying the rules of logic.
How do we know what we know? Where does our knowledge come from-what are its sources? Many people think that sense experience, which is one source of knowledge, accounts for much or all of our knowledge. In actual fact, this is NOT so. There are four sources for our knowledge:
1. Memory: we know that many things occurred in the past because we remember them happening. Memory does not generate or create new beliefs-it puts us in touch with previous beliefs.
2. Sense perception: we know things because we have experienced them through our senses-sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch-or a combination of these.
3. Introspection: roughly defined as "looking inward," introspection is our knowledge about what is going on in our minds or consciousness, our awareness that we are remembering, sensing, etc., our awareness of what we are remembering, sensing, etc., our feelings, etc. Introspection is not necessarily subjective, though it is private-there is no way to verify or prove what someone else is thinking or feeling.
4. Reason: our ability to reason provides us with a final source of knowledge. There are truths of reason (such as logical and mathematical truths) that only reason can provide us. Reason comes to know by defining terms, working out the analysis of these definitions, and applying the rules of logic.
5)++++What have you read this week?+++
This week I have read information about marketing, this relates to my marketing class. I have learned many different aspects from this paper.
This is a sample of the introduction and contents of what I have read. Have fun reading!!
This is a sample of the introduction and contents of what I have read. Have fun reading!!
Information Gathering: research potential customers, their needs, and spending habits in order to understand what sort of product, service, or idea they wish to buy.
Evaluation of Organization Capabilities: decide what your organization can produce relatively well, and what your organization is not capable of producing based on the organization's specific strengths and weaknesses.
Identify Market Opportunities: research the current market for a product idea, and look for an opportunity; such as no competition or strong demand.
Set Objectives of Marketing Strategy: decide what results need to be achieved in order to reach the organization's goals; such as a specific increase in sales, or net profits.
Formulate an Action plan: List the specific steps the organization needs to take in order to implement the marketing plan, and assign the responsibilities to specific staff members.
Monitor & Evaluate: Study the marketing plan regularly, at least once per quarter, to track performance against the set objectives.
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